Automatic adjustable press.



C. B. ALBREE.

AUTOMATIC ADJUSTABLE PRESS.

API-LTOATION FILED MARA. 1911.

RENEWED JAN.15.1912.

Patented Aug. 20, 191:.

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APPLICATION FILED 11113.4,1911. RENEWED JAN.15,1912.

1,035,828, Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

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AUTOMATIC ADJUSTABLE PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED MAIL4, 1911. RENEWED JAN.15,1912.

Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

V \i CHESTER B. ALBBEE, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO CHESTER B.

ALBBEE IRON WORKS COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA TION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

AUTO MATIC ADJUSTABLE PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 4, 1911, Serial No. 612,322. Renewed January 15, 1912. Serial No. 671,291.

'Toall whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHESTER B. ALEREE, of Pittsburgh, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Automatic Adjustable Press, of which the follpwing is a full, clear, and exact descript on, reference being had to the accompany ng drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is aside elevation partly in section, showing one form of my invention as applied to a. toggle riveting machine; Fig.

15 a top plan view of the head portion thereof; Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section showing the valve arrangement; Fig. 4 is a. crosssection on the line IVIV of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing a modified form; and Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are sectional side elevations showing the invention applied to other forms of press.

My invention relates to presses, and is designed to provide for automatically adjusting the tool to the work previous to the power stroke. For example, as applied to riveters, the invention provides for automatically adjusting the riveting tool into contact with the rivet, and then imparting the power stroke for riveting, either by toggle mechanism or other power means.

The invention is especially applicable to toggle riveters in which the stroke is fixed, for in such case the ordinary riveter gives a maximum pressure at the same point in the stroke and it is, therefore, necessary to adjust the distance between the die and the point of maximum pressure by a hand actuated screw. My invention overcomes this hand adjustment, and when applied to the riveter provides for automatic adjustment to different thicknesses of work, giving the maximum pressure at the proper point in the stroke irrespective of the thickness of the work.

In the drawing, referring to the formof Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, 2 represents the yoke of an ordinary rivcter of any desirable type, and which I have shown as provided with a double-acting cylinder 3 containing a piston or plunger having connecting rod 4 pivoted to the toggle lever joint at 5. The short toggle link 6 is pivotally comiected to the ram 7, while the links 8 are pivoted to the sides of the ram cylinder 2). The

ram 7 fits within a bushing 10 in the head, and is bored out from its lower end to form a cylinder within it to contain the plunger 11. The upper end of this plunger is enlarged to fit the bore within the ram, and around the remaining portion fits a return spring 12, bearing at its upper end against the head 13 of the plunger and its lower end against a collar 14 screwed into the lower end of the ram.

From the ram -bore containing the head 13, a port 15 leads upwardly to a valve chamber 16 containing a valve 17 which fits against a seat 18 in the upper part of the ram. The valve stem fits within an inserted plug 19, which is screwed into a suitable screw-threaded hole in the ram, and the stem is preferably made in two telescopic parts 20 and 21 The part 20 carries aroller 22, and slides within the part 21, the parts being normally forced apart by a spiral spring 23 fitting against the end ofthe part 20. The spring 23 is stronger than the valve opening spring, and serves to prevent jamming of the valve owing to dirt accumulating on the face of the cam or to a slight irregularity in machining. The top and bottom of the bore in the plug are recessed to receive the ends of the pin 20 driven into the' part 20, thus preventing rotation and holding the roller 22 in proper position. The valve is normally forced back from its seat by spring 24, and the portion 21 of the stem is surrounded by packing 25 seated in an annular recess in the plug. The outer cylindrical part of the plug is also preferably provided with packing 26, to prevent possible leakage of liquid through the screw-thread connection. From the valve chamber port 27 leads upwardly to the upper part. of the ram, and receives a suitable fitting for connecting thereto the end portipn of a flexible pipe'28 leading from one-end of a single-acting cylinder 29' pipe 28 is connected. The'roller onthe means attached to the projecting portion 35 of the cam bar, such as the screw 36.

.In preparing the. apparatus for use, oil, or some non-compressible liquid, is filled into the spaces between the end of plun or 30 and the head of \the plunger 13. is oil fills the pipe. 28, the valve chamber, the ports 15 and 27,-and causes a downward movement of the plunger head 13 within the min when the piston \30 is moved toward the left of Fig. 1. In order to provide for release of air and complete filling of these connecting cavities andcliannels, I provide a vent hole 37 which leads from the valve chamber angularly 11 Ward to an accessible exposed point. Int efform shown, a hole is bored diagonally inward and downward from the cam. bar side of the ram, and the end of this hole is pliigged,\and then a hole is bored in from the top of the ram downward into the first named hole, and the end of this hole is closed by a removable plug.

. The oil is filled in through this hole, and the above the head 13 of the air allowed to pass out, the hole then being closed by the removable plug.

In the use. of the apparatus, the work being in proper positionwithin the yoke, air is admitted to the rearend of the cylinder 3, a portion of this air assing thiTugh the pipe 32 into the' rear end of cylinder 29. The air within the cylinder 3 begins to move the toggle connection and thus start the downward iovement of the ram as'a whole. At the same time, the forward movement'of the piston 30 within cylinder 2!) causes the plunger 1.]. to move down relative to the ram, this being a nelatively rapid movement. This movement of the plunger 11 continues until the die meets the end of the rivet. The area of the piston 30 is such that the power exerted thereby isinsuf cientto upsetthe rivet, and conseqiu-ntly after the plunger has met the head of the rivet, the ram will move down over the plunger until the roller 22 is acted upon by the cam face 34 to close the valve 17. Farther back flow of the oil or liquid from )lunger is thus stopped, and the rain and its contained plun or are locked together hythe nonwoin pressible liquid. From 'ilil point on through the remainder of the stroke of the ram, the plunger 11, moves with llit' rain to I head the rivet through this working stroke of the ram. During this working st XUhfl the pressure exerted will, of course. he the -on1- plete pressure exerted by the rain thiwiniwontaincd plunger.

sutlicient power to force back the oil into I the cylinder 29, the air exhausting from the tiaek end of this cylinder through the cylin- (er 3.

In Fig. 5 I show a form similar to that of Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, except that the valve is placed in a vertical position. and is actuated througha bell crank lever. In this case, parts similar to thdse of Figs. 1 to 4 are marked with the same numeral with the letter a applied, theb'ell crank lever 38 taking the place of the roller of the first form and actuating the valve in a way similar to that of the first form.

In Fig. 6 I show the invention'as applied to an eccentric-ally actuated press: In this case the ram 7? is actuated by an eccentric 39,1111 eccentric rod 40, and the same kind of adjustable cam bar 33 and cam actuated valve is used as in Figs. 1 to A. The. pipe 28 in this case leads from an inde endent source of fluid under pressure, and t e valve 'controlling this fluid is actuated at the proper moment to move down the plunger 11" within the ram to adjust the tool to the work before the valve roller meets its aetu ating cam face in the ram movement imparted from the eccentric.

In Fig. 7 I' show the same valve arran ement applied to a fluid actuated ram. 11 this case the ram body is of two diameters, the head 41 moving within a cylinder 42 having valve mechanism 43 for controlling.

the supply and exhaust of the steam or air or main motive fluid. In this case a ain the pipe 28 leads to a source of independent fluid under pressure to give the preliminary adjustment movement to the plunger 11.

In Fig. 8 I show a form wherein the Same motive fluid actuates the rain 7? and its containud plunger 1 1*. In this case the motive fluid entering through pipe acts simultaneously upon-the ram and upon the head of the plunger to give the preliminary downward adjustment of the plunger until the valve roller reaches its actuating cam face In this form the cam bar is packed as shown at 453. as this cam bar extends into the motive fluid space. in this form the main rain is of much larger dialncter than its contained plunger. the packin qfi i f. (-ruhly arranged to give much greater friction on the main ram than is present on its wing to its much ment ofthe niain ram.

1. access greatex friction, the contained plunger will move -j down through its stroke to contact with the work be ore any material m0ve- "the packings for the valve and the ram plunger are stationary as regards the parts which contact with them throughout the pt wer stroke after the valve has closed thus rediiring liability to wear and leakage. In these high pressure devices, it the packings contact with moving parts during the working stroke of the device,- the Wear is necessarily rapid and the packings must be fre' quently renewed. This trouble is practically overcome in my device, since the packings do not contact with moving parts during the pressure working stroke.

Many changes may be made in the form and arrangement of the press, and the work for which it is designed, without departing from my invention.

I claim 1. In a press, a rain, it plunger Within the ram, means for leading liquid under pressure to the plunger, means for actuating the arm, and a valve device arranged to lock the plunger-actuated fluid Within the rain at a predetermined stroke of therein; substantially described.

2. In a press, a ram, means for actuating said ram, a plunger within the ram, :1

source of fluid under pressure-to the plunger, a valve in the ram controlling the sup ply of fluid to the plunger, and a relatively fixed-actuating device arranged to close the valve at a predetermined point in the stroke of the ram; substantially as described;

In a'press, a ram, means for actuating said ram, a plunger in the rain, means for leading fluid under pressurc to a in the rain leading to the plunger, valve within the,'ram controlling said passage,

and a fixed cam arranged to close the valve at a predetermined point in the stroke of the ram; substantially as described. I

t; In a press, a ram, means for actuating said ram, anplunger in the ram, means for leading fluid under pressure to a passage in the rain lending to the plunger, a valve within the ram controlling said passage, and a fixed cam arranged to close the valve at a predetermined point in the stroke of the ram, said cam being adjustable, substantially as described. I

In a press, a rain, means for actuating lid ram, 21 plungervrithin the ram, means for leading fluid under pressure to the plunger, a valve in the ram controlling the fluid supply, and means for closing the valve at a predetermined point in the stroke of the 'ram, said valve stem having a yielding con.- nection with the closing means to prevent jamming; substantially as described.

6. in a press, a ram, means for actuating said ram, 9. plunger within the ram connected to a source of fluid under pressure, a valve arranged to lock the-fluid within the ram, means for actuating the valve at a predetermined point in'the stroke ofthe am, and a vent through which the plunger actuating liquid may be filled, said vent having a closure; substantially as described.

7. In a press, a ram, a.-plunger in the rain, means for leading fluid pressure to the.

plunger, and a valve controllingthc fluid supply to the plunger, the plunger and ram being held stationary relative to each other during the power stroke of the ram; substantially as described.

8. In a press, a ram, mechanical connections forgiving the same a fixed stroke, a plunger within the ram, means for leading fluid pressure through said rain to the plunger, a valve Within the ram controlling said fluid pressure, and an operating device for the valve arranged to'close the same at a fixed point in the stroke of the rain; substantially as described.

9. In a press, a ram, a power cylinder arranged to actuate the ram, 3. plunger-within the ram, a cylinder connected to the power cylinder for the rain, and having fluid supply connection leading to the ram plunger, 21 valve within the ram controlling the fluid supply to the plunger, and-means for actuating said valve at a predetermined point; substantially as described.

10. In a press, a rain, :1 fhiid cylinder arranged to actuate the ram, another fluid cylinder containing a piston and connected to the plunger bore of the ram, a valve in the ram controlling the fluid supply to the plunger, means for actuating the valve at a predetermined point in the stroke of the ram, and a fluid supply under pressure leading to the second cylinder; substantially as described.

11. In a press, a ram, a .plunger within the rain, means for leading fluid under pressure to the plunger, a valve controlling said fluid supply, means for actuating the valve at a predetermined point in the stroke of the ram, and a return spring for the plunger arranged to-move the plunger back to its normal position in the ram when the valve is opened; substantially as described.

12. In a press, a rain, 21 plunger within the rain, means for leading fluid under pressure through the ram to the plunger, a valve in the ram controlling said fluid, and a cam bar lying in a recess in the rain and arranged to actuate said valve at a predetermined point in the stroke of the ram; substantially as described.

1'3. In'a press, a ram, a plunger within the ram,

valve in the ram controlling said fluid, and a cam bar lying in a 'reeess in'the ram and arranged to actuate. said valve at a predetermined point in the sir-eke of the rain, saideam bar projecting externally and l1a.ving adjusting means; suhetantially a9; described. v

14. In a press, a ram ra plunger within the rain, means for leading fluid under pressure 1 I I of the ram to the through the upper part plunger, a valve in the ram wutrolling said fluid supply and having a roller, means for preventing rotation of the valve stem, and

a relatively fixed cam arrz-mged to eimtaet" means for leading fluid -under pres-" sure through the ram to the plunger, a

with the roller and close the valve at a predetermined point in the stroke of the ram;

substantially as described. r

15. In a press, a ram, :1 plunger within the rain, means for leading fiuid under pressure through the upper part of the ram to the plunger, a valve in the ram controlling said fluid supply and having a roller, means for preventing rotation of the valve, stem,

and a-relatively fixed cam arranged to contact with the roller and close the valve at a predeterminedpoint in the stroke of the ram, the valve stem being yielding to prevent jamining; substantially as deseribeth In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

CHESTER B. ALBREE. Vitnessesb G. M. Vums,

II. M. (lOltWlX. 

